离心铸造法制备Al3Ti/Al原位自生功能梯度复合材料

采用离心铸造法，用TiO2粉末与纯铝熔液原位反应生成Al3Ti颗粒增强相，获得了组织和性能在径向上呈梯度分布的Al3Ti/Al功能梯度复合材料。考察了材料的显微组织和硬度，Al3Ti颗粒和材料硬度在径向上由外向内呈梯度分布。研究分析了离心和转速、TiO2加入量和激冷强度对复合材料组织和硬度的分布梯度的影响。结果表明，这些因素对复合材料组织和性能分布梯度的影响较大。     

一种新的基于梯度方向直方图的图像配准方法*

构建了一种新的局部梯度方向直方图,同时定义了特征点的主方向,从而提出了一种具有旋转不变性的图像配准算法.首先采用高斯加权求模技术对特征点邻域内的像素的梯度作直方图统计,确定出具有旋转不变性和抗噪性的特征点主方向;然后用主方向作角度直方图统计,确定待配准图像之间的旋转角度.根据得到的特征点信息及旋转角度定义了特征点对互信息匹配准则,这样使得新配准算法对于图像间旋转角度的范围没有限制,获得了良好的配准效果.     

EASY%R_o法在滨北地区热演化史中的应用

EASY%Ro动力学模拟方法,适合模拟中高热演化程度的盆地模型.为考察松辽盆地滨北地区热演化历史,采用EASY%Ro动力学模拟方法,恢复了该地区的古地温场,结合现今地温场特征,分析了烃源岩热演化历史.结果表明:滨北地区白垩纪古地温梯度高于现今地温梯度,古地温梯度在晚白垩世为4.3~5.8℃/(100m),第三纪以来降低到3.2~3.6℃/(100m);最高古地温是在白垩系末期,有机质热演化在白垩纪末期达到最高峰.自第三系开始的持续抬升剥蚀(白垩纪末至早渐新世为长期沉积间断)和大地热流值衰减降温,致使热演化作用过程“冷冻”,生烃作用停止.     

特低渗透油藏启动压力梯度研究

针对单相和油水两相流体启动压力梯度的产生机理和对渗流规律的影响问题,通过稳态"压差-流量"测定启动压力梯度法,分别用模拟油、地层水、注入水和蒸馏水对我国某油田119块典型特低渗岩芯进行驱替实验,得到了单相和油水两相渗流的启动压力梯度值,分析了启动压力梯度的变化规律.物理模拟和理论研究都表明,不同渗流介质测得的启动压力梯度与渗透率均成幂函数关系,并且幂指数近似为-1.同时,由于毛管力和贾敏效应作用,油水两相启动压力梯度远远大于单相渗流的启动压力梯度.结合油田实际,说明了启动压力梯度在特低渗透油气藏开发中的应用.     

Synergistic Effect of PVDF-Coated PCL-TCP Scaffolds and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Osteogenesis

Bone exhibits piezoelectric properties. Thus, electrical stimulations such as pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and stimuli-responsive piezoelectric properties of scaffolds have been investigated separately to evaluate their efficacy in supporting osteogenesis. However, current understanding of cells responding under the combined influence of PEMF and piezoelectric properties in scaffolds is still lacking. Therefore, in this study, we fabricated piezoelectric scaffolds by functionalization of polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) films with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating that is self-polarized by a modified breath-figure technique. The osteoinductive properties of these PVDF-coated PCL-TCP films on MC3T3-E1 cells were studied under the stimulation of PEMF. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric characterization demonstrated that scaffolds with piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ = −1.2 pC/N were obtained at a powder dissolution temperature of 100 °C and coating relative humidity (RH) of 56%. DNA quantification showed that cell proliferation was significantly enhanced by PEMF as low as 0.6 mT and 50 Hz. Hydroxyapatite staining showed that cell mineralization was significantly enhanced by incorporation of PVDF coating. Gene expression study showed that the combination of PEMF and PVDF coating promoted late osteogenic gene expression marker most significantly. Collectively, our results suggest that the synergistic effects of PEMF and piezoelectric scaffolds on osteogenesis provide a promising alternative strategy for electrically augmented osteoinduction. The piezoelectric response of PVDF by PEMF, which could provide mechanical strain, is particularly interesting as it could deliver local mechanical stimulation to osteogenic cells using PEMF.     

润滑耐磨梯度材料(LGM)辊环与离子渗硫处理的轧辊

在钴基碳化钨硬质合金基体上研制了一种润滑耐磨梯度材料LGM硬质合金及制造工艺，已成功应用于高速线材轧机的辊环。通过XRD和AES分析了梯度材料中硫化物、氧化物的组成和浓度分布．介绍了经低温离子渗硫处理的冷硬铸铁及冷硬合金铸铁轧辊。实践证明，梯度材料LGM辊环与离子渗硫后的铸铁轧辊使用寿命分别提高50％和100％。分析表明LGM辊环中硫化物、氧化物在高温下具有良好的润滑耐磨性能，减少了辊环表面微裂纹产生。     

用微型剪切试验研究WDL610焊接接头性能

采用微型剪切的试验方法对WDL610钢焊接接头进行了研究,绘制出强度梯度曲线和塑性梯度曲线,直观地显示出接头各个狭窄区域的性能和变化规律.尤其是调质钢焊接接头的软化区,其性能值和宽度严重影响接头的承载能力.     

压力、功率梯度对金刚石性能的影响

本文旨在研究两面顶合成工艺中金刚石在生长阶段通过改变压力、功率梯度实现改变生长驱动力后对金刚石性能的影响，分析了相应的影响机理。在间接加热腔体结构中，金刚石生长过程采用两种压力、功率梯度进行合成，合成后对所得的样品进行了静压强度、冲击强度、表面形貌检测。结果表明：生长前期的压力和功率梯度增加两倍，生长后期梯度减缓，TTI和TI分别增加了10％。研究认为生长早期压力、功率大梯度（压力增幅大，功率降幅大）有利于提高晶体内部质量，生长后期压力、功率小梯度（压力增幅小，功率降幅小）有利于提高晶体外部质量。     

定向凝固AZ31镁合金晶粒取向及力学性能研究

采用自行设计的定向凝固装置制备了AZ31镁合金铸件,通过金相观察、XRD分析和室温压缩试验,研究定向凝固工艺对AZ31镁合金晶粒取向和常温力学性能的影响。结果表明:定向凝固制备的AZ31镁合金铸件具有柱状晶组织,第二相呈球状弥散分布于晶粒内部。由于温度梯度的影响,晶体规律性地定向生长,呈现较明显的[1010]择优取向。该铸件在常温力学性能和塑性成形性能上表现出各向异性的特点。     

Effects of temperature and blank holding force on biaxial forming behavior of aluminum sheet alloys

Biaxial forming behavior is investigated for three aluminum sheet alloys (Al 5182 containing 1% Mn (5182+Mn), Al 5754, and 6111-T4) using a heated die and punch in the warm forming temperature range of 200–350 °C. It is found that, while all three alloys exhibit significant improvement in their formability compared with that at room temperature, the non-heat-treatable alloys 5182 + Mn and 5754 give higher part depths than that of heat-treatable 6111-T4. The formability generally increases with decreasing BHP (BHP), but increasing the forming temperature and/or BHP minimizes the wrinkling tendency and improves the forming performance. The stretchability of the sheet alloys increase with increasing temperature and increasing BHP. For the alloys and forming conditions involved in the current study, the formability, measured in terms of part depth, comes mainly from the drawing of metal into the die cavity, although stretching effects do influence the overall forming behavior. The optimum formability is achieved by setting the die temperature 50 °C higher than the punch temperature to enhance the drawing component. Setting the die temperature higher than the punch temperature also improves the strain distribution in a part in such a manner that postpones necking and fracture by altering the location of greatest thinning.